Notes
Background: Important to look at WW1 and colonial wars, 1763 (7 years war)
British Crown looks at India as a gem. Spices, jewels, industry
India becomes British Colony
known as "jewel in the British Crown"
WW1- 1914
-Riots break out
-4 whites killed
-British respond in Armitsar
open fire, 379 killed, 1200 wounded
Mohandas Ghandi
Mahatma
-Wealthy family
-Went to school
-Becomes a lawyer
-South Africa, to defend rights of Indians
-Helpful for Indians to gain rights
Begins Campaign of civil disobedience
India Pop 400 million, British pop 200,000
Salt Act-all indians buy salt from 1 British company
1930-Salt March- make alt the old fashion way down by water
-Symbolic gesture of civil disobedience
Ghandi believed in Egalitarian Society where muslim and Hindu live Peacefully
Hindus-Nehru
India and Pakistan tensions
COLD WAR
India remains neutral
1947-80
India receives 9 billion $
Pakistan Trouble
East Pakistan becomes Bangladesh
1980-Indira Ghandi (PM)-rutheless politican
-Sikh population
-population growth
-forced castration on poor population
North
-Punjab
-27 million
Khalistan
-Sikh demand Kalistan and become more militant
Sikh's reside in Chandigar and Armitsar(Golden Temple)- used to store weapons
1984-Gandi acts
-needs to crush uprising of Sikh's who strive for independence
-hundreds were killed, uprising finalized
-Ghandi was protected by bodyguards (sikh)
-bodyguards murdered her
British Crown looks at India as a gem. Spices, jewels, industry
India becomes British Colony
known as "jewel in the British Crown"
WW1- 1914
- When British go to war, colonies follow
- 1917-India became self-governed
- 1919-Government of India act states that they get to be free… one day
- 2 votes in India, hindu(majority) and muslim, Sikh (small minority)
- 1918 Rowlatt Act- Jail protestors
- Amritsar masacre-Similar to Sharpesville masacre in Africa
-Riots break out
-4 whites killed
-British respond in Armitsar
open fire, 379 killed, 1200 wounded
Mohandas Ghandi
Mahatma
-Wealthy family
-Went to school
-Becomes a lawyer
-South Africa, to defend rights of Indians
-Helpful for Indians to gain rights
- 1915 Returns to India
- 1921- becomes leader of INC (Indian National Congress)
Begins Campaign of civil disobedience
India Pop 400 million, British pop 200,000
Salt Act-all indians buy salt from 1 British company
1930-Salt March- make alt the old fashion way down by water
-Symbolic gesture of civil disobedience
Ghandi believed in Egalitarian Society where muslim and Hindu live Peacefully
- Problems
- Hindus refused to share land
- Muslims were Splintering into own political wing led by Jinnah
Hindus-Nehru
- 1948-partitioned indépendance
- Pakistan(land of pure) resolution- meaning muslim country
- India-Hindu Country
- Both religions living amongst each other brought complications
- 600,000 people killed due to migration
- Ghandi's Hunger Strikes
- Ghandi is assassinated
India and Pakistan tensions
- fight over the area of Kashmir
- India rejects because 80% Muslim
COLD WAR
India remains neutral
1947-80
India receives 9 billion $
Pakistan Trouble
- 1970 civil war
East Pakistan becomes Bangladesh
1980-Indira Ghandi (PM)-rutheless politican
-Sikh population
-population growth
-forced castration on poor population
North
-Punjab
-27 million
Khalistan
-Sikh demand Kalistan and become more militant
Sikh's reside in Chandigar and Armitsar(Golden Temple)- used to store weapons
1984-Gandi acts
-needs to crush uprising of Sikh's who strive for independence
-hundreds were killed, uprising finalized
-Ghandi was protected by bodyguards (sikh)
-bodyguards murdered her